[snip]

> --"c" can be understood in physics to mean the speed of light.
> (186,000 miles per sec or about 3 x 10^5 or 3 x 100000 = 300000 km/s)

It could also represent the roman numeral of 100.

> --"e" is also a fixed number, about 2.718 (it's a mathematical
> constant)

As of now I agree, though the operation required to make the center of this glyph into a defined number could become rather interesting. e as you have defined it is an irrational number (continues to infinity without any pattern) and finding a suitable place to round off the constant could be interesting.

> --The upper right symbol in the grid in the center of the dial looks
> something like a graph, maybe the graph of a formula of some kind.

There has been some discussion about this and it is my belief that it is chinese/japanese for the number 8.

> The symbol in the lower left makes no sense to me, but I'm thinking it
> probably also has something to do with math.

You're correct. It is held by many that this number is sumerian (or babylonian, can't remember which) for 14.